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1.
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc ; 2022: 3572-3576, 2022 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36085978

RESUMO

AIMS: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) has developed a strategy to coexist with its host resulting in varying degrees of tissue and cell damage, which generate different pathological phenotypes, such as varying degrees of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is no integrated information that can predict the evolutionary course of the infection. We propose to combine Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and machine learning techniques to provide a predictive model. In this work, we propose to discriminate HCV positivity in biobank patient serum samples. METHODS: 126 serum samples from 38 HCV patients in different stages of the disease were obtained from the Biobank of Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcon. NIRS spectrum was captured by a FT-NIRS Spectrum 100 (Perkin Elmer) device in reflectance mode. For each patient, the HCV positivity was identified (PCR) and labeled as detectable =1 and undetectable =0. We propose an L1-penalized logistic regression model to classify each spectrum as positive (1) or negative (0) for HCV presence (x). The regularization parameter is selected using 5- fold cross-validation. The penalized model will induce sparsity in the solution so that only a few relevant wavelengths will be different from zero. RESULTS: L1-penalized logistic regression model provided 167 wavelengths different from zero. The accuracy on an independent test set was 0.78. CONCLUSIONS: We present a straightforward promising approach to detect HCV positivity from patient serum samples combining NIRS and machine learning techniques. This result is encouraging to predict HCV progression, among other applications. Clinical relevance- We presented a simple while promising approach to use machine learning and NIRS to analyze viral presence on sample serums.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Hepatite C , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepatite C/complicações , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Humanos , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao Infravermelho
2.
Cir. mayor ambul ; 26(3): 154-163, 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-217476

RESUMO

Introducción: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria (CMA) constituye una estrategia coste-efectiva comparada con la cirugía tradicional, al resolver el procedimiento quirúrgico sin comprometer la calidad de la atención ni la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: Demostrar que la cirugía abierta de la hernia umbilical en régimen de CMA es un procedimiento seguro y de menor coste. Para ello realizamos un estudio de los factores de riesgo de ingreso no previsto en pacientes intervenidos de hernia umbilical en nuestro servicio, durante cuatro años. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de 478 pacientes consecutivos intervenidos durante los años 2015 a 2018. Se revisaron las historias electrónicas de los pacientes y se creó una base de datos para el estudio de los resultados. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística para analizar el factor de riesgo de ingreso no previsto por edad, sexo, antecedentes personales, índice de masa corporal, ASA del paciente, tipo de reparación, tamaño del defecto, utilización de prótesis, causa del ingreso no previsto y complicaciones. Resultados: Edad media 48,1 ± 13 años con un índice de hospitalización global del 8,8 %. Hombres 319 (66,7 %) y mujeres 159 (33,3 %) con una tasa de ingresos no previstos del 6,9 % y 12,6 %, respectivamente ( p = 0,039). El análisis estadístico demostró que no se incrementa el riesgo de ingreso no previsto con la edad (0,678). El riesgo de hospitalización fue 2,78 veces mayor en las mujeres que en los hombres ( p = 0,005). Los pacientes ASA II tienen un riesgo de hospitalización 6,49 veces superior a los pacientes con ASA I (0,021) (AU)


Introducción: La cirugía mayor ambulatoria (CMA) constituye una estrategia coste-efectiva comparada con la cirugía tradicional, al resolver el procedimiento quirúrgico sin comprometer la calidad de la atención ni la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: Demostrar que la cirugía abierta de la hernia umbilical en régimen de CMA es un procedimiento seguro y de menor coste.To this end, we conducted a study of the risk factors for unforeseen admission in patients operated on for umbilical hernia in our service, for four years. Material and methods: Retrospective observational study of 478 consecutive patients operated on during the years 2015 to 2018. Electronic patient records were reviewed and a database was created for the study of outcomes. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factor for unplanned admission by age, sex, personal history, body mass index, patient ASA, type of repair, defect size, use of prostheses, cause of unplanned admission and complications. Results: Mean age 48.1 ± 13 years with an overall hospitalization rate of 8.8 %. Males 319 (66.7%) and females 159 (33.3%) with an unforeseen income rate of 6.9% and 12.6%, respectively (p = 0.039). Statistical analysis showed that the risk of unplanned admission does not increase with age (0.678) The risk of hospitalization was 2.78 times higher in women than in men (p = 0.005). ASA II patients have a 6.49-fold higher risk of hospitalization than patients with ASA I (0.021). A greater number of admissions was found in patients operated on with general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia, compared to those operated with local anesthesia and sedation or with a laryngeal mask (p = 0.000). Major outpatient surgery was cheaper than surgery with admission, between 45-52%, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hérnia Umbilical/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios , Análise Custo-Benefício , Estudos Retrospectivos
3.
Nat Commun ; 11(1): 5060, 2020 10 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33033246

RESUMO

Fusion oncogenes (FOs) are common in many cancer types and are powerful drivers of tumor development. Because their expression is exclusive to cancer cells and their elimination induces cell apoptosis in FO-driven cancers, FOs are attractive therapeutic targets. However, specifically targeting the resulting chimeric products is challenging. Based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology, here we devise a simple, efficient and non-patient-specific gene-editing strategy through targeting of two introns of the genes involved in the rearrangement, allowing for robust disruption of the FO specifically in cancer cells. As a proof-of-concept of its potential, we demonstrate the efficacy of intron-based targeting of transcription factors or tyrosine kinase FOs in reducing tumor burden/mortality in in vivo models. The FO targeting approach presented here might open new horizons for the selective elimination of cancer cells.


Assuntos
Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Neoplasias/genética , Fusão Oncogênica/genética , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/genética , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/genética , Deleção de Genes , Loci Gênicos , Instabilidade Genômica , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Íntrons/genética , Camundongos Nus , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patologia , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/genética , RNA Guia de Cinetoplastídeos/metabolismo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
4.
Steroids ; 164: 108733, 2020 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32980365

RESUMO

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adult humans. Therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence after surgical resection contributes to a poor prognosis for glioblastoma patients. Men are known to be more likely than women to develop an aggressive form of GB. Although the reasons for this disparity remain poorly understood, differences in sex steroids have emerged as a leading explanation. Studies indicate that GB-derived cells express androgen receptors (ARs) and synthesize androgens, suggesting that androgens may have a role in the tumor pathogenesis. Thus, our objective was to investigate the effects of the 5α-reductase enzyme inhibitor dutasteride, the AR antagonists cyproterone and flutamide, and combinations of these drugs on the metabolism, proliferation, and invasion capacity of GB-derived U87 cells. We also examined the effects of three natural androgens testosterone, androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone (T, A4, and DHT) on these cells. Cell metabolism was investigated by MTT assay, proliferation was assessed by the bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay, and invasion was assessed by Boyden chamber assay. The results revealed that T and especially DHT, but not A4, increased U87 cell metabolism and proliferation. Following these findings, we examined the effect of adding dutasteride, cyproterone, or flutamide to the culture media and found that they all significantly decreased cell metabolism and proliferation. Dutasteride also significantly reduced cell invasion. Moreover, any combination of these drugs enhanced their inhibitory effects; the combination of dutasteride to flutamide was most effective at decreasing GB cell proliferation. Our results suggest that administering a combination of AR antagonists and enzyme blockers may be a more effective alternative treatment for GB.


Assuntos
Inibidores de 5-alfa Redutase/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Androgênios/farmacologia , Androgênios/fisiologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Dutasterida/farmacologia , Glioblastoma/patologia , Invasividade Neoplásica/prevenção & controle , Inibidores de 5-alfa Redutase/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas de Androgênios/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Dutasterida/administração & dosagem , Glioblastoma/metabolismo , Humanos
5.
Front Genet ; 11: 711, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32849773

RESUMO

Sport performance is influenced by several factors, including genetic susceptibility. In the past years, specific single nucleotide polymorphisms have been associated to sport performance; however, these effects should be considered in multivariable prediction systems since they are related to a polygenic inheritance. The aim of this study was to design a genetic endurance prediction score (GES) of endurance performance and analyze its association with anthropometric, nutritional and sport efficiency variables in a cross-sectional study within fifteen male cyclists. A statistically significant positive relationship between GES and the VO2 maximum (P = 0.033), VO2 VT1 (P = 0.049) and VO2 VT2 (P < 0.001) was observed. Moreover, additional remarkable associations between genotype and the anthropometric, nutritional and sport performance variables, were achieved. In addition, an interesting link between the habit of consuming caffeinated beverages and the GES was observed. The outcomes of the present study indicate a potential use of this genetic prediction algorithm in the sports' field, which may facilitate the finding of genetically talented athletes, improve their training and food habits, as well as help in the improvement of physical conditions of amateurs.

6.
Rev. esp. investig. quir ; 23(2): 64-67, 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-193732

RESUMO

El mucocele apendicular (MA) es una entidad poco frecuente. Su incidencia sitúa entre el 0,2 y 0,4% de todas las apendicectomías y del 8 al 10% de todos los tumores apendiculares. El término mucocele consiste en la dilatación del apéndice causada por la producción moco, secundario a un proceso benigno o maligno (cistoadenoma o cistoadenocarcinoma). Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 63 años de edad asintomática y que en el estudio por sospecha de hidronefrosis izquierda se encontró como hallazgo en la ecografía de abdomen, una imagen sugerente de mucocele apendicular que se constató en la tomo-grafía computarizada (TC). Se realizó una apendicectomía laparoscópica. El estudio histológico mostró un mucocele apendicular con bordes libres y sin signos de malignidad. Un año después de la intervención la paciente está libre de enfermedad y de otro proceso asociado. El propósito del presente estudio es el de realizar una revisión relacionada con la incidencia, manifestaciones clínicas, métodos diagnósticos, tratamiento, evolución, diagnóstico diferencial y anatomopatológico


Appendicular mucocele (AM) is a rare entity. Its frequency is estimated between 0.2 and 0.4% of all appendectomies and 8 to 10% of all appendicular tumors. The term mucocele refers to the dilation of the appendix by mucus, caused by a benign or malignant process (cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma).We present the case of an asymptomatic 63-year-old patient who, in the study of suspected left hydronephrosis, found an image suggestive of appendicular mucocele as a finding on abdominal ultrasound, which was confirmed by computed tomography (CT). A laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. The histological study showed an appendicular mucocele without malignancy and free edges. One year after the intervention, the patient is free of disease and of another synchronous or metachronous process. The purpose of the present study is to carry out a review regarding the incidence, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment, evolution and pathological diagnosis


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucocele/diagnóstico por imagem , Mucocele/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Achados Incidentais , Evolução Fatal
7.
Rev. esp. investig. quir ; 23(4): 143-153, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-199921

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La recurrencia tras la reparación abierta de la hernia umbilical, constituye un problema importante para el paciente, el sistema sanitario y para el equipo quirúrgico. Actualmente, no existe consenso entre las sociedades quirúrgicas sobre los factores de riesgo de recidiva. Determinar estos factores es fundamental para corregirlos, realizar el tratamiento más apropiado y disminuir la tasa de la misma. OBJETIVO: El propósito de este estudio es evaluar los factores predictivos de recidiva tras la reparación abierta de la hernia umbilical con y sin malla, en cado uno de los periodos del proceso quirúrgico (preoperatorio, intraoperatorio y postoperatorio), en los pacientes operados en nuestro servicio durante 4 años. Material y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de 551 pacientes consecutivos intervenidos durante los años 2015 a 2018. Se revisaron las historias electrónicas de los pacientes y se creó una base de datos para el estudio de los resultados. El modelo de la regresión de Cox univariable y multivariable se utilizó para analizar la supervivencia libre de recurrencia por edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, ASA del paciente, tabaquismo, diabetes, broncopatía, tamaño del defecto, tipo de reparación, clase de prótesis y complicaciones. Las curvas de Kaplan-Meier se utilizaron para analizar la supervivencia libre de recurrencia para factores de riesgo preoperatorios, intraoperatorios y postoperatorios. RESULTADOS: Edad media de los pacientes, 49,9 ± 13,9 años con una tasa de recurrencia global del 6,5%. Hombres 367 (66,6%) y recidiva del 5,7%. Mujeres 184 (33,4%) y recaída del 8,2% (P = 0,276). Seguimiento medio de 14,6 (± 12,3) meses. La mayoría de los pacientes (96,4%), se clasificaron de bajo riesgo anestésico (ASA I y II), con una recurrencia del 6,3% y 20 pacientes ASA III (3,6%) con recidiva del 10% (P = 0,564). Respecto al peso, 124 pacientes (22,5%) tenían un IMC < 25 con una tasa de recidiva del 5,6%, 215 pacientes (39%) con IMC >25-30 con una recurrencia del 6,5% y 212 pacientes (38,5%) con IMC >30 (38,5%) y recidiva del 7,5%. Se contabilizaron 61 pacientes (11,1%) diabéticos con 4 recidivas (6,6%) (p = 0,994). Broncopatía en 64 pacientes (11,6%) con una recurrencia del 10,9% (p = 0,129). Tabaquismo en 132 pacientes (24,5%) con recurrencia del 6,3% y 74 herniorráfias (13,4%) con una recidiva del 8,1%. Hernioplástia con malla simple en 424 casos con una recurrencia del 6,6% y hernioplástia con malla compuesta en 53 casos con una recidiva del 3,8% (P=0,617). Tamaño medio del defecto 2,75 cm (0,5-4 cm). Complicaciones postoperatorias: seroma en 22 casos (4%) y tasa recidiva 22,7% (P=0,002), infección quirúrgica en 18 casos con recurrencia del22,2% (P = 0,006). El análisis estadístico demuestra que por cada año de edad, el riesgo de recurrencia aumenta un 3% (P = 0.068), que las mujeres tienen un 52% más riesgo de recidiva que los hombres (P = 0,277), que la obesidad presenta un 46% más riesgo de recaída (p = 0,313) y que la broncopatía tiene 3 veces más riesgo de recidiva (P = 0,030). La infección quirúrgica representa un 75% más riesgo de recurrencia (p = 0,608) y el seroma representa un riesgo 5 veces mayor de recurrencia, estadísticamente significativa (p = 0,004). CONCLUSIÓN: Nuestros resultados indican que a mayor edad, el sexo femenino, ASA III, alto índice de masa corporal, diabetes, broncopatía, tamaño del defecto herniario, tipo de reparación, infección quirúrgica y seroma fueron los factores asociados con un mayor riesgo de recurrencia después de la reparación abierta de la hernia umbilical


INTRODUCTION: Recurrence after open umbilical hernia repair constitutes an important problem for the patient, the health system and the surgical team. Currently, there is no consensus among surgical societies on the risk factors for hernia recurrence. Determining these factors is essential to correct them, carry out the most appropriate treatment and reduce the recurrence rate. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the predictive factors of recurrence after open repair of umbilical hernia with and without mesh, in each of the periods of the surgical process (preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative), in patients operated on in our service for 4 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study of 551 consecutive patients operated during the years 2015 to 2018. The electronic records of the patients were reviewed and a database was created to study the results. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze recurrence-free survival by age, sex, body mass index, ASA of the patient, smoking, diabetes, bronchopathy, size of the defect, type of repair, class of prosthesis, and complications. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyze recurrence-free survival for preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative risk factors. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients, 49.9 ± 13.9 years. Men 367 (66.6%) and women 184 (33.4%) (P = 0.693). Global recurrence rate 6.5%. Recurrence in women, 8.2%. Recurrence in men 5.7% (P = 0.276). Mean follow-up of 14.6 (± 12.3) months. Most of the patients were classified as low anesthetic risk (ASA I and II), 531 patients (96.4%) with a recurrence of 6.3% and 20 ASA III patients (3.6%) with a recurrence of the 10% (P = 0.564). Regarding weight, 124 patients (22.5%) had a normal weight with a relapse of 5.6%, 215 patients (39%) were overweight with a relapse of 6.5% and 212 were obese (38.5% ) with a recurrence rate of 7.5%. There were 61 diabetic patients (11.1%) with 4 relapses (6.6%) (p = 0.994). Bronchopathy in 64 patients (11.6%) with a recurrence of 10.9% (p = 0.129). Smoking in 132 patients (24.5%) with a recurrence of 6.1% (P = 0.801). Regarding the technical aspects, 477 hernioplasties (86.6%) were performed with a recurrence rate of 6.3% and 74 herniorrhaphies (13.4%) with a recurrence of 8.1%. Simple mesh hernioplasty in 424 cases with a recurrence of 6.6% and hernioplasty with composite mesh in 53 cases with a recurrence of 3.8% (P = 0.617). Ave-rage default size 2.75 cm (0.5-4 cm). Postoperative complications: 22 patients (4%) presented seroma with a recurrence of 22.7% (P = 0.002) and 18 patients (3.3%) presented surgical infection with a recurrence rate of 22.2% (P = 0.006 ). After statistical analysis and when adjusting the selected variables, it was detected: that for each year of age, the risk of recurrence increases by 3% (P = 0.068), that women have a 52% higher risk of recurrence than men (P = 0.277), that obesity has a 46% higher risk of relapse (p = 0.313) and that bronchopathy has a 3 times higher risk of recurrence (P = 0.030). Surgical infection represents a 75% higher risk of recurrence (p = 0.608) and postoperative seroma represents a statistically significant 5 times higher risk of recurrence (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that at older age, female sex, ASA III, high body mass index, diabetes, bronchopathy, size of the hernial defect, type of repair, surgical infection and seroma were the factors associated with a higher risk of recurrence. after open umbilical hernia repair


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hérnia Umbilical/cirurgia , Herniorrafia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Recidiva , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Fatores Etários , Fatores Sexuais , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Análise Multivariada
8.
Rev. esp. investig. quir ; 23(3): 93-99, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-196974

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La obesidad y la diabetes tipo 2 son dos patologías crónicas de características fisiopatológicas complejas y estrechamente relacionadas entre sí. En el campo metabólico de la diabetes, el empleo de la cirugía bariátrica se ha posicionado como una de las herramientas terapéuticas útiles respecto al manejo y control de esta patología. OBJETIVO: Presentar los resultados de una revisión de la literatura disponible sobre la aplicación y utilidad de la cirugía bariátrica como tratamiento efectivo de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 asociada a obesidad. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica a través de las bases de datos PubMed y Web Of Science, ajustada al periodo de tiempo comprendido entre los años 2008 - 2020 (doce años). Los descriptores y palabras claves empleadas para la búsqueda fueron "Diabetes Mellitus Type 2", "Bariatric Surgery" y "Thera-peutics". Se incluyeron un total de 38 artículos. Se realizó la selección de publicaciones en base a revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos y metaanálisis. La selección y lectura fue realizada atendiendo a criterios de relevancia (algoritmo Best Match en PubMed y algoritmo de relevancia en Web Of Science). RESULTADOS: Se han publicado una importante cantidad de estudios en los que se incluyen pacientes con diabetes y obesidad y los resultados tras la cirugía metabólica. Entre estos trabajos destaca el meta-análisis de Panunzi et al., el más amplio publicado hasta la fecha, que cuenta con más de 94.579 pacientes sometidos a cirugía bariátrica/metabólica y muestra una remisión completa de la diabetes tras la cirugía. No obstante, debe tenerse en cuenta la corta duración del seguimiento de 2-3 años. Otros ensayos aleatorizados realizados en pacientes con obesidad y diabetes sometidos a cirugía bariátrica, con seguimiento a medio plazo (3-5 años), han obtenido resultados positivos comparables. Respecto a estudios a largo plazo (con periodos de seguimiento > 8-10 años), no existen demasiadas publicaciones, siendo este, uno de los objetivos pendientes de la investigación en el campo de la cirugía bariátrica. CONCLUSIÓN: Aunque se requieren más estudios a largo plazo, es patente, la existencia de una alta evidencia científica que respalda el beneficio de la cirugía bariátrica a corto y medio plazo en pacientes seleccionados con obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 mal controlada


INTRODUCTION: Obesity and type 2 diabetes are two chronic pathologies with complex pathophysiological characteristics and closely related to each other. In the metabolic field of diabetes, the use of bariatric surgery has become one of the useful therapeutic tools regarding the management and control of this pathology. OBJECTIVE: To present the results of a review of the available literature on the application and utility of bariatric surgery as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bibliographic search was carried out through the PubMed and Web of Science databases, adjusted for the period of time between the years 2008 - 2020 (twelve years). The descriptors and keywords used for the search were "Diabetes Mellitus Type 2", "Bariatric Surgery" and "Therapeutics". A total of 38 articles were included. Selection of publications was made based on systematic reviews, clinical trials, and meta-analyzes. The selection and reading was carried out according to relevance criteria (Best Match algorithm in PubMed and relevance algorithm in Web of Science). RESULTS: A significant number of studies have been published including patients with diabetes and obesity and the results after metabolic surgery. Among these works, the meta-analysis of Panunzi et al.,the most extensive published to date, stands out, which has 94,579 patients undergoing bariatric / metabolic surgery and shows a complete remission of diabetes after surgery. However, the short duration of follow-up of 2-3 years should be taken into account. Other randomized trials conducted in patients with obesity and diabetes undergoing bariatric surgery, with medium-term follow-up (3-5 years), have obtained comparable positive results. Regarding long-term studies (with follow-up periods> 8-10 years), there are not too many publications, this being one of the pending objectives of the research in the field of bariatric surgery. CONCLUSION: Although more long-term studies are required, the existence of high scientific evidence that supports the benefit of bariatric surgery in the short and medium term in selected patients with obesity and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus is clear


Assuntos
Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/cirurgia , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Obesidade/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Obesidade/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etiologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
9.
PLoS One ; 14(7): e0219243, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31283773

RESUMO

In this paper, we explore the (in)efficiency of the continuum Bitcoin-USD market in the period ranging from mid 2010 to early 2019. To deal with, we dynamically analyse the evolution of the self-similarity exponent of Bitcoin-USD daily returns via accurate FD4 approach by a 512 day sliding window with overlapping data. Further, we define the memory indicator by the difference between the self-similarity exponent of Bitcoin-USD series and the self-similarity index of its shuffled series. We also carry out additional analyses via FD4 approach by sliding windows of sizes equal to 64, 128, 256, and 1024 days, and also via FD algorithm for values of q equal to 1 and 2 (and sliding windows equal to 512 days). Moreover, we explored the evolution of the self-similarity exponent of actual S&P500 series via FD4 algorithm by sliding windows of sizes equal to 256 and 512 days. In all the cases, the obtained results were found to be similar to our first analysis. We conclude that the self-similarity exponent of the BTC-USD (resp., S&P500) series stands above 0.5. However, this is not due to the presence of significant memory in the series but to its underlying distribution. In fact, it holds that the self-similarity exponent of BTC-USD (resp., S&P500) series is similar or lower than the self-similarity index of a random series with the same distribution. As such, several periods with significant antipersistent memory in BTC-USD (resp., S&P500) series are distinguished.


Assuntos
Comércio/tendências , Economia/tendências , Marketing/estatística & dados numéricos , Comércio/estatística & dados numéricos , Economia/estatística & dados numéricos , Marketing/métodos , Modelos Econômicos
10.
Phys Rev Lett ; 122(16): 162002, 2019 Apr 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31075013

RESUMO

We report on the first computation of the strong running coupling at the physical point (physical pion mass) from the ghost-gluon vertex, computed from lattice simulations with three flavors of domain wall fermions. We find α_{MS[over ¯]}(m_{Z}^{2})=0.1172(11), in remarkably good agreement with the world-wide average. Our computational bridge to this value is the Taylor-scheme strong coupling, which has been revealed of great interest by itself because it can be directly related to the quark-gluon interaction kernel in continuum approaches to the QCD bound-state problem.

11.
Rev. esp. investig. quir ; 22(1): 28-32, 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184275

RESUMO

El cilindroma dérmico es un tumor de los anexos cutáneos con diferenciación apocrina, poco frecuente. Se localizan principalmente en la cabeza y en el cuello. Se clasifica en dos grupos: a) Los esporádico solitarios con un tamaño entre 5 y 10 mm, excepcional-mente pueden adquirir un gran tamaño y b) los múltiples de carácter hereditario, que pueden evolucionar a una gran masa tumoral llamada tumor en turbante, con tendencia a la malignización. Presentamos el caso de un cilindroma solitario gigante en el cuero cabelludo, de una paciente de 89 años de edad de larga evolución y de carácter sintomático. Realizamos una revisión de los aspectos relacionados con las manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico, anatomía patológica, diagnóstico diferencial y tratamiento


Cylindrical dermal is a rare tumor of the cutaneous adnexa with apocrine differentiation usually located on head and neck. They are classified into two groups: a) Sporadic solitaires with an average size of 5 y 10 mm, exceptionally they can acquire a large size and b) Multiple hereditary tumors, which can evolve into a large tumor mass called tumor in turban, with tendency to malignancy. We present the case of a giant solitary cylindroma on the scalp of a patient of 89 years-old of long evolution and of asymptomatic character. We carried out a review of the aspects related to the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathological anatomy, differential diagnosis and treatment


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Couro Cabeludo/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/cirurgia , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/patologia , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/cirurgia
12.
Rev. esp. investig. quir ; 22(2): 71-76, 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184389

RESUMO

El vólvulo cecal es una causa poco frecuente de oclusión intestinal. Generalmente, es causado por exceso de movilidad del ciego. Aunque existen múltiples causas desencadenantes, la presencia de una brida epiploíca sin antecedentes de cirugía abdominal, constituye una etiología excepcional. La presentación clínica es inespecífica y el diagnóstico se confirma mediante TC de abdomen. Presenta un alto índice de mortalidad si no se diagnostica de manera precoz. El abordaje mínimamente invasivo constituye el trata-miento de elección. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 96 años de edad sin antecedentes de cirugía abdominal, que presentó un cuadro de oclusión intestinal debido a vólvulo cecal secundario a brida epiploíca entre colon transverso y anillo inguinal profundo izquierdo, que requirió una hemicolectomía derecha abierta de urgencia. Realizamos una revisión de los aspectos relacionados con la etiología, fisiopatología, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento


Cecal volvulus is a rare cause of intestinal occlusion. Generally, it is caused by excess mobility of the blind. Although there are multiple triggers causes, the presence of an epiploic bridle without a history of abdominal surgery constitutes an exceptional etio-logy. The clinical presentation is nonspecific and the diagnosis is confirmed by abdominal CT. It has a high mortality rate if it is not diagnosed early. The minimally invasive approach constitutes the treatment of choice. We present the case of a 96-year-old patient withouth a history of abdominal surgery, who presented an acute cecal volvulus secondary to an epiploic bridle between the transverse colon and left internal inguinal ring, which required an emergency right hemicolectomy. We review the aspects related to etiology, physiopathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Volvo Intestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Volvo Intestinal/etiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Volvo Intestinal/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial
13.
Exp Cell Res ; 363(2): 332-341, 2018 02 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29395133

RESUMO

Growth arrest specific 1 (GAS1) is a signaling mediator for the development of the central nervous system that works as a co-receptor for sonic hedgehog (SHH) to induce the amplification of neural progenitors during the patterning of the mammalian neural tube and establishing granular cells in the cerebellum. Recently, we confirmed that Gas1 is also expressed by neural progenitors of the developing cortex and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. The presence of GAS1 in progenitor stages indicates that one of its principal roles is the maintenance of these cells during neurogenic events. However, the signals responsible for the expression of Gas1 in progenitor cells are unknown, an aspect that is relevant to understand its functions during neurogenesis. Here, we focused on elucidating the mechanisms of the transcriptional regulation of Gas1 and using comparative genomics methods found two highly conserved E-boxes in the Gas1 promoter which mediate its up-regulation by NeuroD1. Additionally, we found that GAS1 and NeuroD1 co-localize in the neocortex, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the external granular layer of the cerebellum, suggesting a previously unsuspected regulatory relationship. Our data indicate that Gas1 is a direct target of NeuroD1 during the induction of the neurogenic program.


Assuntos
Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/genética , Proteínas Hedgehog/metabolismo , Animais , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/genética , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/genética , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos , Tubo Neural/metabolismo , Neurogênese/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Células-Tronco/metabolismo
14.
Metrologia ; 552018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31080297

RESUMO

The International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM), at its meeting in October 2017, followed the recommendation of the Consultative Committee for Units (CCU) on the redefinition of the kilogram, ampere, kelvin and mole. For the redefinition of the kelvin, the Boltzmann constant will be fixed with the numerical value 1.380 649 × 10-23 J K-1. The relative standard uncertainty to be transferred to the thermodynamic temperature value of the triple point of water will be 3.7 × 10-7, corresponding to an uncertainty in temperature of 0.10 mK, sufficiently low for all practical purposes. With the redefinition of the kelvin, the broad research activities of the temperature community on the determination of the Boltzmann constant have been very successfully completed. In the following, a review of the determinations of the Boltzmann constant k, important for the new definition of the kelvin and performed in the last decade, is given.

15.
PLoS One ; 12(12): e0188814, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29206868

RESUMO

In this work we extend a well-known model from arrested physical systems, and employ it in order to efficiently depict different currency pairs of foreign exchange market price fluctuation distributions. We consider the exchange rate price in the time range between 2010 and 2016 at yearly time intervals and resolved at one minute frequency. We then fit the experimental datasets with this model, and find significant qualitative symmetry between price fluctuation distributions from the currency market, and the ones belonging to colloidal particles position in arrested states. The main contribution of this paper is a well-known physical model that does not necessarily assume the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) restrictive condition.


Assuntos
Internacionalidade , Investimentos em Saúde , Modelos Econômicos
17.
Phys Rev Lett ; 118(6): 068301, 2017 Feb 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28234526

RESUMO

This work studies the symmetry between colloidal dynamics and the dynamics of the Euro-U.S. dollar currency exchange market (EURUSD). We consider the EURUSD price in the time range between 2001 and 2015, where we find significant qualitative symmetry between fluctuation distributions from this market and the ones belonging to colloidal particles in supercooled or arrested states. In particular, we find that models used for arrested physical systems are suitable for describing the EURUSD fluctuation distributions. Whereas the corresponding mean-squared price displacement (MSPD) to the EURUSD is diffusive for all years, when focusing in selected time frames within a day, we find a two-step MSPD when the New York Stock Exchange market closes, comparable to the dynamics in supercooled systems. This is corroborated by looking at the price correlation functions and non-Gaussian parameters and can be described by the theoretical model. We discuss the origin and implications of this analogy.

19.
Mol Cell Neurosci ; 76: 1-10, 2016 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27501773

RESUMO

Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis, a process that involves both cell populations that dynamically switch between pools of proliferative and quiescent cells, and cells that definitely leave the cell cycle to maturate into granular neurons. This investigation was carried out to determine the role of THs on the mitotic activity of specific proliferative cell populations and the preservation of non-proliferative cells participating in the neurogenic process of the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. Hypothyroidism was induced in male adult Wistar rats with methimazole for 28days. We quantified the total number of proliferative cells (BrdU+), proliferative type 1 (BrdU+/GFAP+), and 2b and 3 (BrdU+/DCX+) cells. Early non-proliferative cells (BrdU-/DCX+ cells lacking dendritic process), postmitotic neuroblasts (Tuj 1+ cells lacking dendritic process), and immature granular neurons (IGN; DCX+ or Tuj 1+ and the presence of dendritic processes into granular or molecular layer) were also included. The evidence showed that the proliferation of Type 1, 2b and 3 cells is not modified by hypothyroidism. In contrast, hypothyroidism reduced the number of early non-proliferative cells and also leads to a decrement in the number of IGN. Our results show that proliferative cells of the DG are not sensitive to thyroid perturbations. However, THs are essential to preserve cell populations that leave the cell cycle in the DG of the hippocampus.


Assuntos
Giro Denteado/citologia , Neurogênese , Neurônios/citologia , Hormônios Tireóideos/metabolismo , Animais , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/genética , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Giro Denteado/metabolismo , Proteína Duplacortina , Masculino , Neurônios/metabolismo , Neurônios/fisiologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Hormônios Tireóideos/sangue
20.
Leukemia ; 30(3): 674-82, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26500142

RESUMO

B cells have been shown to be refractory to reprogramming and B-cell-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have only been generated from murine B cells engineered to carry doxycycline-inducible Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and Myc (OSKM) cassette in every tissue and from EBV/SV40LT-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines. Here, we show for the first time that freshly isolated non-cultured human cord blood (CB)- and peripheral blood (PB)-derived CD19+CD20+ B cells can be reprogrammed to iPSCs carrying complete VDJH immunoglobulin (Ig) gene monoclonal rearrangements using non-integrative tetracistronic, but not monocistronic, OSKM-expressing Sendai Virus. Co-expression of C/EBPα with OSKM facilitates iPSC generation from both CB- and PB-derived B cells. We also demonstrate that myeloid cells are much easier to reprogram than B and T lymphocytes. Differentiation potential back into the cell type of their origin of B-cell-, T-cell-, myeloid- and fibroblast-iPSCs is not skewed, suggesting that their differentiation does not seem influenced by 'epigenetic memory'. Our data reflect the actual cell-autonomous reprogramming capacity of human primary B cells because biased reprogramming was avoided by using freshly isolated primary cells, not exposed to cytokine cocktails favoring proliferation, differentiation or survival. The ability to reprogram CB/PB-derived primary human B cells offers an unprecedented opportunity for studying developmental B lymphopoiesis and modeling B-cell malignancies.


Assuntos
Linfócitos B/metabolismo , Proteínas Estimuladoras de Ligação a CCAAT/genética , Reprogramação Celular/genética , Sangue Fetal/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Linfócitos B/citologia , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Sequência de Bases , Proteínas Estimuladoras de Ligação a CCAAT/imunologia , Diferenciação Celular , Separação Celular , Reprogramação Celular/imunologia , Sangue Fetal/citologia , Sangue Fetal/imunologia , Expressão Gênica , Vetores Genéticos , Humanos , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas/citologia , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas/imunologia , Fator 4 Semelhante a Kruppel , Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like/imunologia , Leucócitos Mononucleares/citologia , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Células Mieloides/citologia , Células Mieloides/imunologia , Células Mieloides/metabolismo , Fator 3 de Transcrição de Octâmero/genética , Fator 3 de Transcrição de Octâmero/imunologia , Cultura Primária de Células , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-myc/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-myc/imunologia , Fatores de Transcrição SOXB1/genética , Fatores de Transcrição SOXB1/imunologia , Vírus Sendai/genética , Recombinação V(D)J/imunologia
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